Experimental Houses in Tanzania Cut Malaria and Diarrhea Rates in Children

Children living in experimental houses in Tanzania had 44 percent fewer malaria cases, 30 percent fewer diarrhea cases and 18 percent fewer respiratory infections than children in traditional homes, researchers reported April 21 in Nature Medicine. The houses, called Star Homes, include mosquito screens, rainwater collection systems, cement floors, improved ventilation and fly-proof latrines.

These features aim to reduce exposure to disease-carrying mosquitoes and contaminated surfaces.

Researchers followed 247 children under age 13 in 110 Star Homes and 936 children in traditional homes for 36 months. Weekly visits recorded symptoms including fever, loose stools and difficulty breathing. 4 in traditional homes, according to the study.

Homes incorporate screens on openings, partially closed eaves and a raised concrete floor that can be cleaned easily. Clean rainwater is collected from rooftops, and plastic net walls increase airflow. Participating families continued to cook over open fires outside the house rather than using the provided smokeless stoves.

Each unit cost about $8,800. Families in traditional homes received construction materials to build customized versions of the Star Homes. The study authors said further research could examine how communities adapt to the new designs.