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Global CO2-Equivalent Emissions Reach Record 41 Billion Tons in 2025
Emissions rose 1.1 percent to 41.0 billion metric tons, driven by a U.S. rebound even as renewables covered the full net increase in global electricity generation. China’s growth nearly stalled while non-OECD nations accounted for 70.5 percent of the total.
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Global CO2-equivalent emissions reached a record 41.0 billion metric tons in 2025, up 1.1 percent from 40. The increase totaled 331 million metric tons. The United States accounted for nearly half the global rise.
U.S. emissions climbed from 5.2 percent gain of 147 million metric tons. U.S. electricity generation rose 133 terawatt-hours, with coal-fired output jumping 91 terawatt-hours while natural-gas generation fell 67 terawatt-hours.
China remained the largest emitter at 12.5 percent of the world total. Its emissions grew by only 4 million metric tons. China’s electricity generation increased 488 terawatt-hours, almost entirely met by a 478-terawatt-hour rise in renewables plus gains in nuclear and hydro power; coal-fired generation dropped 80 terawatt-hours.
India’s emissions rose 21 million metric tons to 3.28 billion. Non-OECD countries produced 70.5 percent of global emissions while OECD nations produced 29.5 percent. Worldwide, electricity generation grew 855 terawatt-hours.
Renewable generation increased 861 terawatt-hours, more than covering the net rise, while coal-fired generation fell 59 terawatt-hours and natural-gas generation rose 22 terawatt-hours.
