Iran Attacks Highlight Iraqi Kurdistan Air Defense Gap

Iranian missile and drone strikes during the February 28 to April 8, 2026 war with the United States and Israel struck multiple sites across Iraqi Kurdistan. The Pentagon's Lead Inspector General report for the first quarter of 2026 recorded dozens of attacks on coalition positions at Erbil International Airport and a March 24 strike that killed six Peshmerga troops and wounded about 30 others.

U.S. and British air defense units at the airport intercepted many incoming projectiles, but the systems covered only coalition facilities. The report stated that Peshmerga forces lacked comparable coverage for the rest of the region, leaving energy infrastructure and other sites exposed.

The U.S. military plans to complete its withdrawal from Erbil by September 2026 under a 2024 agreement. The memorandum of understanding for advisory support to the Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs expires the same month. The report noted that advisory activities were suspended during the war and will resume only if conditions allow.

Kurdistan cannot purchase advanced military equipment without approval from Iraq's central government. A 2024 National Defense Authorization Act provision allows training and equipment for missile and drone defense, yet no transfers have occurred. As of May 21, 2026, local media counted 855 attacks since February 28 that killed 20 people and injured 128 others.