Japan to Consider Labeling China a Threat in Security Documents

Japan will consider whether to call China a "threat" in the upcoming revision of its three major security-related documents by year-end, the Japan Times reported on May 10, 2026. Tensions between the two Asian countries have increased markedly since parliamentary remarks on a possible Taiwan contingency in November last year.

The situation would deteriorate further if Japan uses stronger language than in the current version of the National Security Strategy, the National Defense Strategy and the Defense Buildup Program, which were released in December 2022. The documents guide Japan's defense policy and military spending.

Officials have not yet decided on the exact wording for the revised papers, according to the report.

The consideration comes amid ongoing differences between Japan and China over regional security issues. Chinese military activities in the Western Pacific have drawn attention in recent years, including aircraft carrier operations. Any change in language could affect bilateral relations.

The current documents already express concern about China's behavior but stop short of labeling it a threat. The revision process is scheduled for completion before the end of 2026. Government officials will weigh diplomatic and security implications before finalizing the text.