science
Researchers Create Synthetic Cell-Like System That Divides and Replicates DNA
A University of Minnesota team built chemically defined liposomes containing DNA plasmids that divide and retain genetic material across generations. The group formed a public benefit corporation to share the technology and is debating whether the system qualifies as alive.
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Researchers have built a cell-like system made entirely of defined chemical components that can divide and pass on DNA across multiple generations. The system consists of lipid bubbles, or liposomes, that enclose rings of DNA called plasmids. After five generations, 30 percent of the liposomes still contain the original DNA code.
The liposomes require both nutrients and a specific enzyme supplied inside separate liposomes to continue functioning.
Background on the Project Kate Adamala, an associate professor at the University of Minnesota, led the work and described the system as fully chemically defined with no unknown building blocks. She said the goal is to engineer biology by creating systems capable of functions previously limited to natural living cells.
The team has formed a public benefit corporation named Biotic to distribute the technology to other scientists.
The liposomes differ from natural cells yet display cell-like properties that have prompted discussion about whether they should be considered alive. Adamala noted that the system performs tasks once thought exclusive to living cells, raising questions the field is still examining.
