U.S. Department of Energy Sets 2028 Target for Useful Quantum Computers

The U.S. Department of Energy launched the Quantum Genesis initiative with a goal of having a quantum computer that can contribute to scientific breakthroughs by 2028. The department will use the machine to accelerate research in new materials, pharmaceuticals, and molecules for agriculture and manufacturing.

Existing quantum computers remain limited by size and error rates. The initiative will include a competition and the construction of a national quantum supercomputing facility as part of the broader Genesis Mission.

By 2028, the department aims for quantum computers to address open problems in chemistry, materials science, plasma physics, and high-energy physics. Officials stated that recent advances in qubit construction and error-correction algorithms support the target date.

The department also noted that artificial intelligence could assist in optimizing quantum computer control systems. Several companies have separately announced plans to deliver scientifically useful, error-corrected machines around the same period.

The announcement follows two executive orders on quantum technology signed by President Donald Trump and a $2 billion investment by the Department of Commerce in quantum computing firms. Some quantum sensors referenced in the orders have already reached commercial use.

Officials acknowledged that scaling current devices by hundreds or thousands of times will require addressing increased system complexity and fragile supply chains for specialized components.