Norwegian Study Finds Fruit and Vegetable Intake Linked to Fewer Behavioral Issues in Children

Children who consume more fruits and vegetables display fewer internalized behavioral issues, including anxiety, depression and withdrawal, according to a study by researchers at the University of Agder in Norway. Those eating more sweet and salty snacks, however, show greater difficulties with externalized problems like aggression and attention issues.

The research, published in the journal Nutrients, suggests a strong link between diet and mental health in young children.

Euronews reported that the study analyzed data from 363 children aged 4 and their mothers, drawn from the Early Food for Future Health study in Norway. This randomized controlled trial aims to improve diet in children between six and 12 months old. Researchers found that more frequent intake of vegetables and fruit correlated with lower levels of internalized problems, independent of factors such as maternal education, financial difficulties and maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety.

At the same time, higher consumption of sweet and salty snacks was associated with more acting-out behaviors. Externalizing behavior problems involve aggressive and oppositional actions, which often begin in children younger than five years old. The authors noted these issues are among the most common childhood adjustment problems and a primary reason for referrals to mental health services.

“Mental health challenges are increasing worldwide. Identifying preventable factors for such challenges is important and will have the greatest impact if identified in young children,” the researchers wrote in the study. They emphasized that mental health early in life is critical for future school outcomes, social skills and education, influencing lifelong health and socioeconomic outcomes.