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Russian troops negotiated a safe-passage deal with militants and left the northern Malian town of Kidal last month after simultaneous attacks by al Qaeda-linked fighters and Tuareg rebels on April 25. The Azawad Liberation Front declared Kidal free the next day.
france24.comRussian forces withdrew from the strategic northern Malian town of Kidal last month after negotiating a safe-passage agreement with militants to evacuate their personnel. The pullout followed simultaneous attacks launched on April 25 by militants linked to al Qaeda and northern separatist Tuareg rebels. Several military bases were overrun across northern Mali in the days after those assaults.
The Azawad Liberation Front (FLA) declared on social media on April 26 that it had reached an agreement with Russian troops to vacate Kidal permanently. The group proclaimed that Kidal is now free. Videos emerged online showing Tuareg fighters mocking a convoy of departing Russian vehicles.
Kidal, about 1,000 miles northeast of the capital Bamako, was seized by the Malian army and Russian mercenaries in 2023. That operation ended nearly a decade of rebel rule in the town. The loss of Kidal now marks a reversal for both the junta and its Russian partners.
The crisis deepened when Malian Defense Minister Sadio Camara was killed in a suicide vehicle bombing at his home near Bamako. Sadio Camara was a Russian-trained officer and key architect of Mali’s shift toward Moscow. The al Qaeda-linked group Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam al-Muslimin (JNIM) claimed responsibility for the attack on Camara’s home.
JNIM is threatening a complete blockade of Bamako and urging Malians to revolt against the junta and adopt Sharia law. Cnn reported that the assassination and renewed militant pressure have exposed the fragility of Mali’s security strategy centered on Russian support. Russia’s Defense Ministry stated that the situation in Mali remains challenging.
The ministry said that while the Africa Corps withdrew from Kidal, it prevented a broader collapse by thwarting an attempted coup on April 25. It warned that militant groups remain active and are regrouping. Tuareg representatives have called on Russian forces to leave Mali entirely.
The withdrawal from Kidal follows heavy casualties suffered by Russian forces in Mali, including a deadly ambush in 2024 that killed multiple Wagner fighters. Mali is governed by a military junta following consecutive coups in 2020 and 2021. The country cut ties with French forces and United Nations peacekeepers before turning to Moscow for security support.
At the 2023 Russia–Africa Summit in St. Petersburg, President Vladimir Putin announced military cooperation pacts with more than 40 nations. The Sahel stretches more than 3,000 miles across Africa just below the Sahara Desert.
It includes swathes of Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Sudan, Cameroon and The Gambia. Western forces were forced out by various governments in the Sahel region between 2022 and last year. The Wagner Group structure has remained entrenched in the Central African Republic since 2018.
Companies linked to Yevgeny Prigozhin secured concessions to mine gold and diamonds in the Central African Republic, according to CNN investigations. Russia stepped into the Sahel vacuum after Western counterterrorism operations were curtailed. Cnn reported that the fall of Kidal and the assassination of Camara represent a significant test for the junta’s reliance on Moscow.
Russian forces had replaced the Wagner Group under the banner of the Africa Corps. The events of late April have fueled questions about the durability of those arrangements across the region.
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