Study Introduces Coupled Methods for Detecting Fatigue Damage in Notched Composite Structures

The research focuses on fatigue testing supported by non-destructive diagnostic techniques. These approaches aim to evaluate the stability and load-carrying capacity of composite materials used in engineering applications.

The experiments involved thin-walled structures made from carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Notches of varying types were introduced to simulate real-world imperfections or design features. Fatigue loading conditions were applied to observe damage progression over time.

Non-destructive testing (NDT) methods were integrated with traditional fatigue experiments to monitor internal damage without compromising the samples. This coupling allows for real-time assessment of material degradation. The study builds on prior research into buckling and limit states of composite columns under eccentric loads.

Experimental Approach The research included tests on open-hole structural elements reinforced by CFRP overlays.

Additional evaluations covered GFRP composite plates with elliptical holes under fatigue conditions. Three-point bending tests were conducted on thin-walled composite structures with closed sections to determine mechanical and strength properties. Data curation and visualization were key components of the methodology.

Software tools assisted in analyzing the results from these experiments. The findings provide insights into how notches affect fatigue performance in composite materials. No financial support was received for the research, authorship, or publication of the article.

The authors declared no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could influence the work.

Implications for Composite Engineering This study contributes to the understanding of fatigue in notched composites, which are common in aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering sectors.

Improved detection methods could enhance safety and durability of structures. Future applications may involve broader adoption of these coupled techniques in material testing standards. 0 International License, permitting use, sharing, adaptation, and reproduction with appropriate credit.

It was received on January 7, 2026, accepted on April 10, 2026, and published on April 14, 2026. 1038/s41598-026-48942-0.